Glossary of Anarchism
A
Acracy
The negation of rule or "government by none". While "anarchy" refers to
the absence of a hierarchical society-organizing power principle, "acracy"
refers to the absence of coercion; the condition of acracy is one of voluntary order. Derived from the Greek α- [no] and κρατία [system of government].
A form of organic organization according to which
different parts of an organization are temporarily assembled to meet the
requirements of that particular point in time.
A small non-hierarchical collective of activists who collaborate on direct action via consensus decision-making.
Coined by Ernst Jünger, this refers to the ruler (i.e. individual) in a
state of anarchy analogous to the monarch in a state of monarchy, a conception influence by Max Stirner's notion of the sovereign individual.
Derived from the Ancient Greek ἀν (without) + ἄρχειν (to rule)
"without archons," "without rulers".
A form of anarchism which does not declare affiliation
with any specify subtype of anarchism (as may be suffixed to anarcho- or
anarcha-), instead positioning itself as pluralistic, tolerant of all anarchist schools of thought.
Ancap
Contraction of anarcho-capitalism and/or
anarcho-capitalist used in informal discourse, particularly in blogs
or other internet forums.
Social disorder and civil war in an absence of
government, used to separate anarchy as in social order and absence of government.
Ansoc
Contraction of anarcho-socialism and/or anarcho-socialist used in informal
discourse, particularly in blogs or other internet forums.
A library which is not organised hierarchically and that
has no catalogue. The concept is
influenced by the ideas of the Situationists.
A set of radical left-wing political movements in Western Europe which emerged in the late 20th century.
A Greek word meaning "ruler"; the absence of
archons and archy (rule) defines a state of anarchy. Derived from the Ancient Greek άρχων, pl. άρχοντες.
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B
The "two red years" of political agitation,
strikes and land occupation by Italian workers in 1919 and 1920.
A political philosophy primarily of African-Americans, opposed to the what it sees as the
oppression of people of colour by the white ruling class through the power of the state.
An affinity group, or cluster of affinity groups that assembles
during protests, demonstrations, or other
forms of direct action. Black blocs are noted for
the distinctive all-black clothing worn by members to conceal their identity and for their intentional defiance of state property law.
A distinctively French form of working class organization
of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, bourses du travail promoted mutual aid, education, and
self-organization amongst
their members.
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C
A participatory decision making process for collectives that seeks the
resolution or mitigation of minority objections (according to the principle of inclusivity) as well
as the agreement of the majority
of participants.
A maxim coined by individualist anarchist Josiah Warren (1798–1874) to express a normative conception of
the labor theory of value—that
is, that the price of a good or service should never exceed its cost.[14]
Abbreviation of "counter-establishment
economics", a concept in agorist theory of the use and advocacy of black and grey markets and the underground economy to
erode the moral authority of and the perceived necessity for the state.
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D
The concept of revolution through the creation of
"counter-institutions" in place of and in opposition to state power.
Used in anarcho-communist
discourse, it distinct from the earlier use of the phrase by non-anarchist
communists such as Vladimir Lenin.
Physically searching through the discarded belongings in
a dumpster or other trash
receptacle, with the intention of salvaging useful material such as food or information.
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E
A theory in the philosophy of science
advanced by Paul Feyerabend which
holds that there are no useful and exception-free rules governing the progress of science, and
that the pragmatic approach is a Dadaistic "anything goes" attitude of
methodological pluralism.
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F
The practice of retrieving edible food that would
otherwise go to waste and distributing it to those in need.
A decentralized network in
which skills, information and knowledge are shared with neither the social hierarchy nor the institutional environment of formal
schooling.
An anti-consumerist lifestyle
according to which participants attempt to restrict their consumption of
natural resources and participation in the conventional economy to using
salvaged and discarded goods.
A monetary system in the Freiwirtschaft theory, according to which units of
currency retain their value or lose it at a certain rate, making inflation and profiting from interest impossible. Freigeld
is a German phrase with the
literal meaning "free money".
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G
Second-hand stores where
all goods are free. An example of a gift economy.
Nonviolent direct action whereby disused plots are converted to gardens
without seeking the permission of the putative property owners.
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H
A laboratory for experimentations with freedom of information and
communication, associated with the struggle for freedom of movement.[24]
Haymarket Martyrs
The seven anarchists tried and executed for the murder of
a Chicago policeman during the Haymarket affair.
Horizontalidad
(also Horizontalism)
A form of non-hierarchical social organization which
utilises direct democracy and consensus decision-making.
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I
A doctrine which rejects all moral obligations and governmental law
in favour of the satisfaction of one's own desires. Pioneered by the Bonnot Gang in France and heavily
influenced by the individualist anarchist philosophy of Max Stirner.
A philosophy which demands the embracing of immediate
social interactions with people as a means of countering the antisocial consequences of consumerist capitalism.
A space (often a social center) that serves as a node for anarchists involved
with radical movements and countercultures for trading publications
(typically books, zines, stickers and posters), meeting and networking with
similar individuals and groups.The primary directive of an infoshop is the dissemination of information.
A vanguardist organisation of revolutionaries first proposed by Mikhail Bakunin.
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J
Exploitation of differences in national laws and
regulations to maximise liberty.
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K
Dutch anarchists influenced by Peter Kropotkin who sought to promote awareness of
alternatives to authoritarian and capitalist solutions to social problems in
1960s Amsterdam.
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L
A slogan expressing the desire of freedom from landowners
originally used by the revolutionary leaders of the Mexican Revolution.
A doctrine asserting that each individual has the right
to assert their fullest liberty to act so long as it does not extend them
greater liberty than any other individual. Named by Herbert Spencer.
A pejorative term for a set
of French laws passed during 1893–1894 restricting the freedom of the anarchist press
in the aftermath of an outbreak of propaganda of the deed.
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M
A series of political and economic concepts developed by
Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary Nestor Makhno (1888–1934) and his followers, and implemented
in the Free Territory. Central
concepts include anarchist communism, workers' self-management
and—developed during Makhno's exile in Paris,
France—platformism.
American schools
formed in the early 20th century based on the ideas of educator and anarchist Francesc Ferrer i Guàrdia
and modelled after his Escuela Moderna.
The voluntary reciprocal exchange of resources and
services for mutual benefit. Related: gift economy, voluntarism.
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N
Low-intensity social conflict employing a network
structure for organisational control and communication.
Non-aggression
Principle (NAP, also Non-aggression Axiom)
A prohibition against the initiation of force, or
the threat of force, against persons or property (usually referred to as
aggression or coercion). Generally used to derive the ethics of right-libertarianism and anarcho-capitalism.
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P
Private
defense agency (PDA)
A term used by anarcho-capitalists to refer to a private organization which
fulfills some or all of the roles associated with police
or military in a statist society.
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S
The production of literature banned by the former
communist governments of eastern Europe; the term is a play on the term for the
Soviet state press, and translates to "self-publishing." Throughout
the greater part of the twentieth century, the best literature, philosophy, and
history in the Soviet Union and its satellite states was copied by
photo-reproduction and distributed through underground channels—just as it is
here in the United States today.
The creation of permanent dwellings on the ocean,
analogous to homesteading on land. A seastead is a
structure meant for permanent occupation on the ocean.
A set of customs shared by an affinity group which engages in illegal activities, the
practice of which minimizes the risk of such activities.
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T
Acronym coined by libertarian science fiction
writer Robert A. Heinlein in The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress
for "There Ain't No Such Thing As A Free Lunch". Used to express
scepticism towards socialist economics.
The name given to a series of violent confrontations
between the Spanish army and the anarchist-backed working classes in Catalunyan cities from July 25-August 2, 1909.
A show trial in 1894 in Paris,
France, aimed at legitimizing the lois scélérates
passed in 1893–1894 against the French anarchist movement
and at restricting press freedom
by proving the existence of an effective association between anarchists.
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V
The political philosophy of veganism (more specifically animal liberation)
and anarchism, creating a combined praxis as a means for social revolution.
The use of or reliance on voluntary action to maintain an
institution, carry out a policy, or achieve an end.
A political philosophy which
advocates property rights and voluntary association as
the foundation of society, and generally opposes coercion and aggression.
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W
A term which asserts a similarity between slavery—the ownership and control of one person by another—and
wage labour.
A form of workplace decision-making in which the workers
rather than professional managers decide on issues related to the operation of
the business.
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Z
Compound of zen
and "archy". The social order which arises from meditation. As a doctrine, zenarchism is the belief that
"universal enlightenment" is a prerequisite to the abolition of the state.
A low-circulation, non-commercial periodical of
original or appropriated texts and
images. Usually reproduced via photocopier on a variety of colored paper stock.
A repository of zines and other associated
artifacts, such as small press books. Zine libraries are
typically run on a minimal budget, and have a close association with infoshops and other forms of DIY culture and independent media.
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